All the Great Lakes are patrolled by the Coast Guard and you must comply with federal boating laws, not the laws of the states that boarder the lakes. In general these laws are stricter. If you get stopped by the CG out on the water, the fines can be excessive. Make sure you have the following on board: "marine" flares (check the expiration date stamped on them), a marine radio or cell phone, a working horn, something to bail water even if you have a bilge pump (a small pail is OK), an anchor and rope, working lights, a battery box, life jackets and a throwable cushion, a first aid kit, a fire extinguisher.
The safety inspection is voluntary. It is not a requirement for boating the Great Lakes. If you have an inspection and fail, you can still go boating, but you will be warned that if you are stopped out on the water, you will pay a fine for each item not in compliance.
If you go to the CG's website, you can get contact information for inspectors. I just contact the inspector in my area and he comes over to my house and inspects the boat in my garage.